The Economic Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL) program is a loan program offered by the U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA) to help small businesses, nonprofits, and agricultural businesses that have suffered financial losses as a result of a declared disaster. These loans are designed to provide working capital to help businesses and organizations meet their ordinary and necessary financial obligations that they are unable to meet as a direct result of the disaster.

EIDL loans can be used for various expenses, including paying fixed debts, accounts payable, payroll, and other bills that cannot be paid because of the disaster's impact. The loan amounts are determined based on the applicant's economic injury and can be up to $2 million with repayment terms of up to 30 years. Interest rates for EIDL loans are generally lower than those for other SBA loans, and there are no prepayment penalties.

The EIDL program has been used to assist businesses and organizations affected by various disasters, including hurricanes, earthquakes, wildfires, and the COVID-19 pandemic. The program was expanded in response to the pandemic to include emergency grants of up to $10,000 to eligible applicants that did not have to be repaid. The grants were intended to provide immediate relief to small businesses and nonprofits affected by the pandemic.